A Contemplação do Tejo
Um filósofo reformado contempla a sua vida à beira do Tejo, num monólogo interior que questiona o sentido da existência.
contemplar—to contemplate / to gaze uponRead this in the PortuStories app
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Full Story — Portuguese with English Translation
Às cinco da tarde, quando a luz do Outono rasga horizontalmente as nuvens sobre o Tejo, Henrique Fonseca senta-se sempre no mesmo banco de madeira desgastada no Cais do Sodré. Tem setenta e dois anos, um casaco de tweed cor de musgo e os bolsos cheios de pedrinhas lisas que foi recolhendo ao longo de décadas de passeios matinais. Contempla o rio com a atenção concentrada de quem aprendeu, tarde demais, que ver e contemplar são actos fundamentalmente distintos. Durante quarenta anos leccionou filosofia na Universidade de Lisboa e nunca deixou de estranhar que os seus alunos chegassem às aulas incapazes de permanecer em silêncio durante mais de trinta segundos.
At five in the afternoon, when the autumn light cuts horizontally through the clouds over the Tagus, Henrique Fonseca always sits on the same worn wooden bench at Cais do Sodré. He is seventy-two years old, wearing a moss-coloured tweed coat with pockets full of smooth pebbles he has collected over decades of morning walks. He gazes upon the river with the concentrated attention of someone who learned, too late, that seeing and contemplating are fundamentally distinct acts. For forty years he taught philosophy at the University of Lisbon and never ceased to find it strange that his students arrived at lectures incapable of remaining silent for more than thirty seconds.
— Contemplar é um acto de rendição — disse ele uma vez a uma aluna de doutoramento que o tinha seguido até este mesmo cais, caderno na mão, à procura de mais uma citação para a tese. — Não se contempla aquilo que se domina. Contempla-se aquilo que nos ultrapassa. O Tejo não me pertence; sou eu que lhe pertenço, pelo menos nesta hora do dia. A aluna anotou a frase, mas Henrique suspeitou que não a tinha compreendido. Compreender exige tempo que as teses de doutoramento raramente permitem.
"To contemplate is an act of surrender," he said once to a doctoral student who had followed him to this very quay, notebook in hand, looking for one more quotation for her thesis. "One does not contemplate what one masters. One contemplates what surpasses us. The Tagus does not belong to me; I belong to it, at least at this hour of day." The student noted the phrase, but Henrique suspected she had not understood it. Understanding requires time that doctoral theses rarely allow.
A reforma chegou há três anos com a brutalidade discreta de todas as inevitabilidades. Da noite para o dia, as horas que antes eram preenchidas por seminários, reuniões de departamento e a leitura compulsiva de provas de alunos passaram a ser simplesmente horas. Vastas, abertas, ligeiramente aterrorizantes. Foi então que Henrique começou a contemplar o rio com a seriedade que antes reservava para Heidegger. Descobriu que a água tem uma capacidade única de absorver o pensamento sem o destruir, de o deixar flutuar à superfície como folhas caídas.
Retirement arrived three years ago with the discreet brutality of all inevitabilities. Overnight, the hours previously filled by seminars, departmental meetings and the compulsive reading of student papers became simply hours. Vast, open, slightly terrifying. It was then that Henrique began to contemplate the river with the seriousness he had previously reserved for Heidegger. He discovered that water has a unique capacity to absorb thought without destroying it, to let it float on the surface like fallen leaves.
O que contempla exactamente quando os olhos poisam sobre a superfície do Tejo? Contempla, evidentemente, o rio. Mas contempla também a sua própria imagem reflectida nele — não o rosto envelhecido que o espelho lhe devolve todas as manhãs, mas algo mais antigo e menos definido: a silhueta de todas as versões de si mesmo que já existiram e que o rio, indiferente, assistiu a passarem. Contemplou-o jovem e arrogante, aos vinte e cinco anos, quando veio de Coimbra para Lisboa e julgava que a filosofia poderia salvar o mundo. Contemplou-o de meia-idade, absorto e eficiente, a carregar pastas repletas de artigos académicos. Agora contempla-o velho e, pela primeira vez, talvez livre.
What exactly does he contemplate when his eyes rest upon the surface of the Tagus? He contemplates, evidently, the river. But he also contemplates his own image reflected in it — not the aged face the mirror returns to him every morning, but something older and less defined: the silhouette of all the versions of himself that have existed and which the river, indifferent, has witnessed passing. It has contemplated him young and arrogant, at twenty-five, when he came from Coimbra to Lisbon and believed that philosophy could save the world. It contemplated him in middle age, absorbed and efficient, carrying folders full of academic papers. Now it contemplates him old and, for the first time, perhaps free.
A liberdade da velhice é um tema que Henrique contemplou longamente nos últimos meses, chegando a conclusões que contradizem a maior parte do que escreveu ao longo da sua carreira. Sempre defendeu, à maneira kantiana, que a liberdade era uma conquista da razão. Agora suspeita que é antes uma capitulação. Que se torna livre não quando se domina o mundo, mas quando se deixa de precisar de o dominar. O Tejo ilustra este paradoxo melhor do que qualquer argumento filosófico: flui sem intenção, sem propósito declarado, e é precisamente por isso que contemplá-lo provoca qualquer coisa que só por aproximação se pode chamar paz.
The freedom of old age is a theme Henrique has contemplated at length in recent months, arriving at conclusions that contradict most of what he wrote throughout his career. He always argued, in a Kantian manner, that freedom was a conquest of reason. Now he suspects it is rather a capitulation. That one becomes free not when one masters the world, but when one ceases to need to master it. The Tagus illustrates this paradox better than any philosophical argument: it flows without intention, without declared purpose, and it is precisely for this reason that contemplating it produces something that can only approximately be called peace.
— Henrique! — A voz de Margarida, a sua antiga colega de departamento, interrompeu-lhe o fio do pensamento. Ela aproximou-se com o passo apressado que sempre a distinguiu nos corredores da faculdade. — Ainda aqui a contemplar o rio? Não te cansas? — Do rio, nunca — respondeu ele, sem se levantar. — Cansava-me de mim mesmo, antigamente. Do rio é impossível cansar. Margarida sentou-se ao seu lado com um suspiro que tinha dentro toda a fadiga de um semestre difícil.
"Henrique!" The voice of Margarida, his former departmental colleague, interrupted his train of thought. She approached with the brisk step that had always distinguished her in the faculty corridors. "Still here contemplating the river? Do you never tire of it?" "Of the river, never," he replied, without getting up. "I used to tire of myself. Of the river it is impossible to tire." Margarida sat beside him with a sigh that contained within it all the exhaustion of a difficult semester.
Conversaram durante uma hora sobre o estado da filosofia nas universidades portuguesas, sobre os cortes orçamentais e sobre a tendência crescente de reduzir o pensamento a métricas de produtividade académica. Henrique participou com a polidez de quem já não tem nada a perder, mas parte do seu espírito continuava a contemplar o rio por baixo das palavras. Era uma capacidade que desenvolvera com os anos: a de manter dois planos de atenção em simultâneo, o social e o contemplativo, sem que nenhum contaminasse o outro.
They talked for an hour about the state of philosophy in Portuguese universities, about budget cuts and the growing tendency to reduce thought to metrics of academic productivity. Henrique participated with the politeness of someone who has nothing left to lose, but part of his spirit continued to contemplate the river beneath the words. It was a capacity he had developed over the years: that of maintaining two planes of attention simultaneously, the social and the contemplative, without either contaminating the other.
Depois de Margarida partir, voltou a instalar-se no silêncio. O sol começava a baixar sobre a margem sul, tingindo o rio de cobre e de âmbar. Henrique contemplou esta transformação com a seriedade de um cientista que observa um fenómeno raro, sabendo que a repetição diária não diminui o carácter singular de cada pôr do sol. Cada um é irrepetível, mesmo que todos se pareçam. Como as pessoas. Como os dias da vida de uma pessoa.
After Margarida left, he settled back into the silence. The sun was beginning to lower over the south bank, staining the river copper and amber. Henrique contemplated this transformation with the seriousness of a scientist observing a rare phenomenon, knowing that daily repetition does not diminish the singular character of each sunset. Each one is unrepeatable, even if all of them resemble one another. Like people. Like the days of a person's life.
Tirou do bolso uma das pedrinhas lisas e segurou-a na palma aberta. Era uma pedra de rio, branca com veios cinzentos, que tinha encontrado na Praia Fluvial de Constância numa tarde de verão há talvez vinte anos. Contemplou-a como se fosse a primeira vez que a via, tentando recuperar o espanto original que a fizera entrar para o bolso. A filosofia zen fala de olhar as coisas com olhos de principiante. Henrique passara a vida a citar este conceito sem o ter verdadeiramente praticado. Agora praticava-o com uma pedra de rio, à beira do Tejo, aos setenta e dois anos.
He took one of the smooth pebbles from his pocket and held it in his open palm. It was a river stone, white with grey veins, which he had found at the Praia Fluvial de Constância on a summer afternoon perhaps twenty years ago. He contemplated it as if seeing it for the first time, attempting to recover the original wonder that had led it into his pocket. Zen philosophy speaks of looking at things with beginner's eyes. Henrique had spent his life quoting this concept without having truly practised it. Now he practised it with a river stone, on the banks of the Tagus, at seventy-two.
O seu livro mais célebre, publicado em 1998, chamava-se «A Ética da Atenção» e argumentava que a crise moral do mundo contemporâneo era fundamentalmente uma crise de atenção. Vendeu oito mil exemplares, foi traduzido para espanhol e para francês, e valeu-lhe um convite para uma conferência em Chicago que nunca chegou a aceitar por causa de um congresso em Braga que entretanto surgiu. Relia-o agora ocasionalmente e achava que tinha razão nos argumentos mas estava errado na sua própria vida: escrevera um livro sobre atenção sem nunca ter verdadeiramente contemplado nada.
His most celebrated book, published in 1998, was called "The Ethics of Attention" and argued that the moral crisis of the contemporary world was fundamentally a crisis of attention. It sold eight thousand copies, was translated into Spanish and French, and earned him an invitation to a conference in Chicago he never accepted because of a congress in Braga that had meanwhile arisen. He reread it occasionally now and found that he had been right in his arguments but wrong in his own life: he had written a book about attention without ever having truly contemplated anything.
A noite chegava sobre Lisboa com a sua habitual falta de cerimónia. As luzes da Margem Sul começaram a reflectir-se na água negra do rio, multiplicando-se em colunas de luz que tremiam com as ondulações suaves da corrente. Henrique contemplou este espectáculo sem tentar descrevê-lo, sem procurar analogias filosóficas, sem tomar notas mentais para um artigo que nunca mais escreveria. Contemplou-o simplesmente, como se contemplar fosse suficiente. E pela primeira vez em setenta e dois anos de vida, descobriu que era.
Night arrived over Lisbon with its habitual lack of ceremony. The lights of the South Bank began to reflect in the black water of the river, multiplying into columns of light that trembled with the gentle undulations of the current. Henrique contemplated this spectacle without trying to describe it, without seeking philosophical analogies, without taking mental notes for an article he would never write again. He contemplated it simply, as if contemplating were sufficient. And for the first time in seventy-two years of life, he discovered that it was.
Quando finalmente se levantou para ir a casa, sentiu nos joelhos o protesto habitual da cartilagem gasta. Guardou a pedra no bolso, apertou o casaco contra o frio que entretanto descera sobre o rio, e caminhou devagar em direcção ao metro. Passou por um grupo de turistas que tiravam fotografias ao Tejo com os telemóveis erguidos. Contemplavam-no através de um ecrã, e Henrique não sabia se isso era uma perda ou apenas uma forma diferente de ver. Decidiu que era os dois simultaneamente, como quase tudo na vida.
When he finally stood up to go home, he felt in his knees the habitual protest of worn cartilage. He put the pebble in his pocket, tightened his coat against the cold that had meanwhile descended over the river, and walked slowly towards the metro. He passed a group of tourists photographing the Tagus with raised mobile phones. They were contemplating it through a screen, and Henrique did not know if this was a loss or simply a different way of seeing. He decided it was both simultaneously, as almost everything in life is.
Vocabulary Glossary
| Word | Meaning |
|---|---|
| contemplar | to contemplate / to gaze thoughtfully upon |
| contemplo | I contemplate (present tense) |
| contemplas | you contemplate (present tense) |
| contempla | he/she contemplates (present tense) |
| contemplamos | we contemplate (present tense) |
| contemplam | they contemplate (present tense) |
| contemplei | I contemplated (preterite) |
| contemplaste | you contemplated (preterite) |
| contemplou | he/she contemplated (preterite) |
| contemplámos | we contemplated (preterite) |
| contemplaram | they contemplated (preterite) |
| contemplava | was contemplating / used to contemplate (imperfect) |
| contemplavam | they used to contemplate (imperfect) |
| contemplando | contemplating (gerund) |
| contemplado | contemplated (past participle) |
| contemplará | will contemplate (future) |
| contemplativo | contemplative / meditative |
| contemplação | contemplation / meditative gazing |
| rasgar | to cut through / to tear (literary: of light) |
| rasga | cuts through / tears (present tense) |
| horizontalmente | horizontally |
| nuvem | cloud |
| nuvens | clouds (plural) |
| banco de madeira | wooden bench |
| desgastada | worn / weathered (feminine) |
| desgastado | worn / weathered (masculine) |
| desgastar | to wear down / to erode |
| Cais do Sodré | Cais do Sodré (riverside area in Lisbon) |
| casaco de tweed | tweed coat |
| musgo | moss / moss-green (colour) |
| bolso | |
| bolsos | pockets (plural) |
| pedrinha | small stone / pebble |
| pedrinhas | small stones / pebbles (plural) |
| liso | smooth / flat |
| lisas | smooth (feminine plural) |
| recolher | to collect / to gather |
| recolhendo | collecting / gathering (gerund) |
| passeio matinal | morning walk |
| passeios matinais | morning walks (plural) |
| atenção concentrada | concentrated attention / focused gaze |
| tarde demais | too late |
| fundamentalmente | fundamentally |
| distinto | distinct / separate |
| distintos | distinct (masculine plural) |
| leccionar | to teach / to lecture (formal academic register) |
| leccionou | taught / lectured (preterite) |
| filosofia | philosophy |
| Universidade de Lisboa | University of Lisbon |
| estranhar | to find strange / to be unsettled by |
| estranhei | I found strange (preterite) |
| aluno | student / pupil |
| alunos | students (plural) |
| incapaz | incapable / unable |
| incapazes | incapable (plural) |
| permanecer | to remain / to stay |
| silêncio | silence |
| rendição | surrender / yielding |
| ultrapassar | to surpass / to go beyond / to exceed |
| ultrapassa | surpasses / goes beyond (present tense) |
| pertencer | to belong to |
| pertence | belongs (present tense) |
| pertenço | I belong (present tense) |
| tese de doutoramento | doctoral thesis / PhD dissertation |
| citação | quotation / citation |
| compreender | to understand / to comprehend |
| compreendido | understood / comprehended |
| anotou | noted down / jotted (preterite) |
| suspeitar | to suspect |
| suspeitou | suspected (preterite) |
| suspeita | suspects / suspicion (noun) |
| reforma | retirement / reform |
| reformado | retired (masculine) |
| brutalidade discreta | discreet brutality (literary phrase for quiet inevitability) |
| brutalidade | brutality / harshness |
| inevitabilidade | inevitability |
| da noite para o dia | overnight / from one day to the next (fixed expression) |
| seminário | seminar |
| seminários | seminars (plural) |
| reunião de departamento | departmental meeting |
| prova | student paper / test / proof |
| provas | student papers / tests (plural) |
| compulsivo | compulsive / driven by compulsion |
| compulsiva | compulsive (feminine) |
| vasto | vast / wide |
| vastas | vast (feminine plural) |
| aterrorizante | terrifying / frightening |
| aterrorizantes | terrifying (plural) |
| seriedade | seriousness / gravity |
| absorver | to absorb / to take in |
| absorver sem destruir | to absorb without destroying (literary expression) |
| flutuar | to float |
| flutuavam | were floating / used to float (imperfect) |
| folha caída | fallen leaf |
| folhas caídas | fallen leaves (plural) |
| superfície | surface |
| silhueta | silhouette / outline |
| reflectir | to reflect / to mirror |
| reflectida | reflected (feminine) |
| indiferente | indifferent / unmoved |
| assistir | to witness / to attend / to watch |
| assistiu | witnessed / attended (preterite) |
| arrogante | arrogant / conceited |
| julgar | to believe / to judge / to think |
| julgava | believed / thought (imperfect) |
| salvar | to save |
| absorto | absorbed / engrossed |
| eficiente | efficient |
| pasta | briefcase / folder |
| pastas | briefcases / folders (plural) |
| repleto | full / crammed with |
| repletas | full / crammed (feminine plural) |
| artigo académico | academic article / scholarly paper |
| artigos académicos | academic articles (plural) |
| velho | old / elderly |
| talvez livre | perhaps free (existential expression) |
| liberdade | freedom / liberty |
| velhice | old age |
| longamente | at length / for a long time |
| contradizer | to contradict |
| contradizem | contradict (present tense) |
| defender | to argue for / to defend / to uphold |
| defendeu | defended / argued for (preterite) |
| conquista | conquest / achievement |
| razão | reason / rationality |
| capitulação | capitulation / surrender |
| dominar | to master / to control |
| ilustrar | to illustrate / to demonstrate |
| ilustra | illustrates (present tense) |
| paradoxo | paradox |
| fluir | to flow |
| flui | flows (present tense) |
| intenção | intention / purpose |
| propósito | purpose / intent |
| precisamente | precisely / exactly |
| por isso | for that reason / therefore |
| aproximação | approximation |
| por aproximação | approximately / by approximation (fixed phrase) |
| paz | peace |
| à maneira kantiana | in a Kantian manner (philosophical allusion) |
| antigo colega | former colleague |
| interromper | to interrupt |
| interrompeu | interrupted (preterite) |
| aproximar-se | to approach / to come closer |
| aproximou-se | approached (preterite reflexive) |
| apressado | brisk / hurried |
| passo apressado | brisk step / hurried gait |
| distinguir | to distinguish / to set apart |
| distinguiu | distinguished / set apart (preterite) |
| faculdade | faculty / university department |
| cansar | to tire / to grow weary of |
| cansava | tired / grew weary (imperfect) |
| impossível | impossible |
| suspiro | sigh |
| fadiga | exhaustion / fatigue |
| semestre | semester / half-year term |
| estado da filosofia | state of philosophy (as a discipline) |
| universidade portuguesa | Portuguese university |
| tendência crescente | growing tendency / increasing trend |
| reduzir | to reduce / to diminish |
| pensamento | thought / thinking |
| métrica | metric / measurable indicator |
| métricas de produtividade | productivity metrics |
| produtividade | productivity |
| académica | academic (feminine) |
| participar | to participate / to take part |
| participou | participated / took part (preterite) |
| polidez | politeness / courtesy |
| espírito | spirit / mind |
| desenvolver | to develop / to cultivate |
| desenvolvera | had developed (pluperfect) |
| em simultâneo | simultaneously / at the same time |
| contaminar | to contaminate / to taint |
| instalar-se | to settle / to establish oneself |
| fio do pensamento | train of thought (idiomatic) |
| instalar-se no silêncio | to settle back into silence (literary expression) |
| baixar | to lower / to descend |
| começava | was beginning (imperfect) |
| tingir | to tinge / to stain with colour |
| tingindo | tinging / staining with colour (gerund) |
| cobre | copper (the metal / the colour) |
| âmbar | amber (colour) |
| transformação | transformation / change |
| cientista | scientist |
| fenómeno raro | rare phenomenon |
| repetição diária | daily repetition |
| diminuir | to diminish / to reduce |
| carácter singular | singular character / unique quality |
| irrepetível | unrepeatable / unique |
| parecer | to seem / to resemble |
| pareçam | may seem / may resemble (present subjunctive) |
| pedra de rio | river stone |
| branco | white |
| cinzento | grey |
| veios cinzentos | grey veins (in stone) |
| veio | vein (in stone or wood) |
| Praia Fluvial de Constância | river beach at Constância (town on the Tagus) |
| espanto | wonder / astonishment |
| recuperar | to recover / to retrieve |
| tentando | attempting / trying (gerund) |
| filosofia zen | Zen philosophy |
| olhos de principiante | beginner's eyes (Zen concept) |
| principiante | beginner / novice |
| citar | to quote / to cite |
| citara | had quoted / had cited (pluperfect) |
| praticar | to practise / to put into practice |
| praticava | was practising / used to practise (imperfect) |
| livro célebre | celebrated book |
| célebre | celebrated / famous |
| publicado | published (past participle) |
| argumentar | to argue / to contend |
| argumentava | argued / contended (imperfect) |
| crise moral | moral crisis |
| mundo contemporâneo | contemporary world |
| exemplar | copy (of a book) |
| exemplares | copies (of a book, plural) |
| traduzido | translated (past participle) |
| congresso | congress / conference |
| entretanto | meanwhile / in the meantime |
| reler | to reread |
| releria | would reread / used to reread (imperfect) |
| relia | used to reread (imperfect) |
| errado | wrong / mistaken |
| atenção | attention |
| ética da atenção | ethics of attention (book title / concept) |
| cerimónia | ceremony / formality |
| sem cerimónia | without ceremony / unceremoniously |
| habitual | habitual / usual |
| reflectir-se | to be reflected |
| multiplicar | to multiply |
| multiplicando-se | multiplying (gerund reflexive) |
| coluna de luz | column of light |
| tremer | to tremble / to shimmer |
| tremiam | trembled / shimmered (imperfect) |
| ondulação | undulation / ripple |
| ondulações | undulations / ripples (plural) |
| corrente | current (of water) |
| analogia filosófica | philosophical analogy |
| analogias | analogies (plural) |
| nota mental | mental note |
| notas mentais | mental notes (plural) |
| suficiente | sufficient / enough |
| joelho | knee |
| joelhos | knees (plural) |
| protesto | protest / complaint |
| cartilagem | cartilage |
| gasta | worn / spent (feminine) |
| apertou | tightened / pulled close (preterite) |
| frio | cold / coldness |
| descer | to descend / to fall (of temperature) |
| descera | had descended / had fallen (pluperfect) |
| devagar | slowly |
| direcção | direction |
| metro | underground / metro (Lisbon) |
| turista | tourist |
| turistas | tourists (plural) |
| fotografar | to photograph |
| telemóvel | mobile phone |
| telemóveis | mobile phones (plural) |
| erguido | raised / held up |
| erguidos | raised (masculine plural) |
| ecrã | screen (phone or computer) |
| perda | loss |
| simultaneamente | simultaneously |
| ambos | both |
| plano de atenção | plane of attention (philosophical term) |
| contemplativo | contemplative (adjective) |
| social | social |
| corte orçamental | budget cut |
| pôr do sol | sunset |
| margem sul | south bank (of the Tagus) |
| Heidegger | Heidegger (German philosopher, 1889–1976) |
| zen | Zen (school of Buddhism) |
| doutoramento | doctorate / PhD |
| caderno | notebook |
| ocasionalmente | occasionally |
| ter nada a perder | to have nothing to lose (fixed expression) |
| entardecer | dusk / late afternoon |
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